Dictionary Use: The word "Mongol" has been distorted for many years. Our campaign focuses on the need to bring about a greater understanding of the word in its true sense – referring to people of Mongol ethnicity and the language and culture of the people. Mongol /ˈmɒŋɡ(ə)l/ noun: Mongol, plural noun: Mongols 1. a member of a group of people who mainly live or originated from Mongolia but also in other parts of Central and North Asia 2. the language of the Mongols; Mongolian. adjective: Mongol; Mongolian 1. relating to the people of Mongol ethnic group or their language and culture. Definition. Broadly defined, the term includes the Mongols (also known as the Khalkha Mongols), Buryats, Oirats, the Kalmyk people and the Southern Mongols. In the thirteenth century, the word Mongol grew into an umbrella term for a large group of Mongolic-speaking tribes united under the rule of Chinggis Khaan.